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#womenshistory

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Very early #OnThisDay, 6 Apr 1944, Lillian Rolfe and Violette Szabo separately arrive in occupied France to work for the British Special Operations Executive (SEO). Rolfe is a wireless operator, Szabo a courier.

Szabo returns to the UK at the end of April but goes back to France in June 1944 and is captured. Rolfe is captured in July 1944.

They are executed together, by shooting, in Ravensbrück concentration camp in Feb 1945.

~ The history of marriage, Arranged marriage part III ~

In some communities, especially in rural parts of the Middle East and South Asia, a woman who refuses to go through with an arranged marriage is suspected of any kind of "immoral" behavior that may be considered to have dishonored her entire family. Male relatives may be ridiculed, and any of the woman's siblings may find it impossible to enter into a marriage. In these cases, killing the woman is a way for the family to enforce the institution of arranged marriages. Unlike cases of domestic violence, honor killings are often done publicly.

Arranged marriages have been categorized into three groups :

Forced arranged marriage: parents or guardians select, the individuals are neither consulted nor have any say before the marriage

Consensual arranged marriage: parents or guardians select, then the individuals are consulted, who consider and consent, and each individual has the power to refuse; sometimes, the individuals meet – in a family setting or privately – before engagement and marriage as in shidduch custom among Orthodox Jews

Self-selected marriage: individuals select, then parents or guardians are consulted, who consider and consent, and where parents or guardians have the power of veto.

Illustration : After the Reception, by Douglas Volk

#history #art #arthistory #painting #womenshistory #womenfromhistory
~ The history of marriage, Arranged marriage part II ~

Until the first half of the 20th century, arranged marriages were common in migrant families in the United States. They were sometimes called "picture-bride marriages" among Japanese-American immigrants because the bride and groom knew each other only through the exchange of photographs before the day of their marriage.

These marriages among immigrants were typically arranged by relatives from the country of their origin. As immigrants settled in and melded into a new culture, arranged marriages shifted first to quasi-arranged marriages where parents or friends made introductions and the couple met before the marriage; over time, the marriages among the descendants of these immigrants shifted to autonomous marriages driven by individual's choice.

Arranged marriages have declined in countries where forced marriages were politically outlawed (for example in Imperial Russia or Japan) or in a prosperous countries with more social mobility and increasing individualism; nevertheless, arranged marriages might still be seen in countries of Europe and North America, among royal families, aristocrats and minority religious groups such as in placement marriage among Fundamentalist Mormon groups of the United States.

Illustration : Unequal Marriage, by Vasili Pukirev

#history #art #arthistory #painting #womenshistory #womenfromhistory
~ The history of marriage, Arranged marriage part I ~

Arranged marriage is a type of marital union where the bride and groom are primarily selected by individuals other than the couple themselves, particularly by family members. Sometimes, a professional matchmaker may be used to find a spouse.

Arranged marriages have historically been prominent in many cultures. The practice remains common in many regions, notably the Caucasus, Central Asia, North Africa, South Asia, Southeast Asia, sub-Saharan Africa, and West Asia. They were very common throughout the world until the 18th century. Typically, marriages were arranged by parents, grandparents or other close relatives and trusted friends.

In China, arranged marriages were the norm before the mid-20th century. A marriage was a negotiation and decision between parents and other older members of two families.

Illustration : The Reluctant Bride, by Auguste Toulmouche

#history #art #arthistory #painting #womenshistory #womenfromhistory

#OnThisDay, 3 Apr 1979, Jane Byrne wins the Chicago mayoral election. She is the first woman to be mayor of the city and is sworn in on 16 April. She hires the first black woman to be a school superintendent in the city, and stops the police raiding gay bars.

Lori Lightfoot was the second woman to hold the post, from 2019 to 2023. She’s the first black woman and the first LGBT+ mayor since the post was created in 1837.

#OnThisDay, 1 Apr 1792, former spy Etta Palm-Aelders speaks to the revolutionary French parliament.

Her demands?

The right for women to be admitted to civilian and military positions.

The education of girls to be based on the same principles as those of boys.

That women could become adults at the age of 21, and could get divorced.

Her demands were refused.

“They didn’t burn witches, they burned women” - A visit to the gravesites of the women (and few men) who were unjustly persecuted and executed during the Salem Witch Trials in Salem, Massachusetts, USA, circa 1692-1693. A mar on American history in the sea of cruel treatment of women that occurred worldwide from the 15th to 18th centuries where the world of patriarchy and misogyny was used to control women, torturing and murdering those who didn’t comply or questioned commonly accepted gender roles. A time that feels we are still recovering from, that we’re still seeking the release from the silent oppression of, that we’re dangerously close to recreating in modern day society.

Let’s not forget where we’ve been so we can better guide next steps of where we want to go! 🫶🏼

#SalemMA #SalemWitchTrials #History #Women #WomensHistory #feminist #feminism #grave #cemetery #gravesite #historic #flowers #photography #photo #amateurphotography #nature #naturephotography #landscape #landscapephotography #historicphotography #hashtagegames #pixelfed #fediverse

Did you get the sense that Women's History Month was a bit of a damp squib this year, with fewer people writing about and discussing the annual observance, which started in 1987? @19thnews discusses why that might have been the case: Trump's anti-DEI moves have killed or maimed some efforts to celebrate women's achievements, from an Ohio conference to Defense Department web pages.

flip.it/.HKAIr
#WomensHistoryMonth #WomensHistory #DEI #History @histodons #DiversityEquityInclusion #TrumpAdministration

The 19th · Did politics kill Women’s History Month?By Amanda Becker

“Remember all Men would be tyrants if they could. If particular care and attention is not paid to the Ladies we are determined to foment a Rebellion, and will not hold ourselves bound by any Laws in which we have no voice, or Representation."

#OnThisDay, 31 Mar 1776, Abigail Adams wrote to her husband, John Adams, who was drafting the Declaration of Independence. He declined her suggestions.